Download a summary of the study:
www.vtti.vt.edu/PDF/100-Car_Fact-Sheet.pdf

Download this pdf for more information on the study…
www.dot.state.ak.us/stwdplng/hwysafety/assets/Occ_Prot-cellphone_National_study-Virginia_Tech_Transp_Institute.pdf

The motorcycle has been a popular mode of transportation for many Americans because of its initial low cost, and its use as a recreational vehicle. But today as fuel prices continue to rise and with a softening economy, consumers are being increasingly practical showing strong interest in motorcycles because of their good fuel efficiency and maneuverability in urban congestion. In fact, the U.S. motorcycle market experienced growth for the 14th consecutive year in 2007. Weekend warriors who used to motorcycle only recreationally are now opting to commute on two wheels. For many years, the motorcycle has been about recreation now it’s becoming about transportation. The Motorcycle Industry Council expects motorcycle sales to continue to increase—meaning more motorcycles on our nation’s roadways.

Fuel Efficiency Benefits

Motorcycles are by far the most fuel-efficient class of highway vehicle. While the average U.S. fuel consumption of cars, SUVs and light trucks hovers around 20 mpg, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, many motorcycles and scooters offer up to an estimated 60 or 70 miles per gallon (MPG) and some, with smaller engines, go even higher. These are general statistics used by motorcycle manufacturers, government representatives and individual riders because MPG data for specific models is difficult to find. There is not an industry-wide protocol for motorcycle MPG testing. Unlike with cars, federal law does not require motorcycle manufacturers to perform fuel-economy tests or, if they do, to reveal their numbers, since motorcycles make up such a small percentage of overall vehicles and get good mileage.

Real-world mileage is also affected by how a motorcycle is ridden, the rider’s clothing and body weight, as well as air temperature, altitude, weather, traffic and road conditions, bike maintenance, vehicle accessories, and cargo carried, etc.

In general, motorcycles consume fewer resources per mile than automobiles and in congested urban areas can save riders travel time.

Parking Benefits

Parking is cheaper and easier. Motorcycles offer a compact, easy to-park-solution for those in urban areas where parking spots can rent for hundreds of dollars a month. Several motorcycles can occupy the space allocated for one passenger vehicle, creating more spaces for other users.

Use of HOV Lanes

Motorcycles are permitted by federal law to use High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes, even though they typically carry only one passenger.

Charity Benefits

Charitable participation from the motorcycle community is inspiring. Many motorcycle organizations raise money for national and local charities through organized events and rides to benefit people in the most critical need. TravelingBikers.com is one resource to locate a charity ride or event.

As roadways become increasingly complex and congested, are your employees who ride for work  well-trained, equipped and knowledgeable on how to safely ride a motorcycle?

Motorcyclists must wear helmets and other protective gear and equipment, acquire professional rider education and training, maximize their conspicuity through lighting and apparel, obtain the proper motorcycle license, and never drink and ride.  Motorcycles must be properly equipped, and maintained.  While the reasons for having employees ride motorcycles for work are varied, simply being able to ride a motorcycle is not the same as knowing how to operate a motorcycle safely and legally.

Employers must minimize the risk to their employees and to their organizations to the greatest extent practicable, by implementing a strong safety program that ensures that all riders are knowledgeable and skillful through participation in rider education and training programs and have access to continuing quality education and training.  By providing appropriate protective gear and equipment, keeping motorcycles well-maintained, and following careful motorcycle use policies, employers are advocating a safer riding environment.

Police Motorcycle Officers

Operating a police motorcycle greatly differs from civilian motorcycle operation since a motorcycle officer must constantly scan the roadway for motor vehicle violations, criminal activity, operate communications equipment and weave through stalled traffic in response to emergencies. Because of the high-risk riding required by police, motorcycle training is not an area that can be overlooked or ignored.

Unfortunately, some states do not have police officer standards and training (P.O.S.T.) requirements, which means a department, can assign any officer with a motorcycle license to a motorcycle with no additional training.

There are excellent comprehensive courses designed for new or current police motorcycle officers seeking to hone their skills and enhance their safety on the road.  It is usually recommended that participants in operator courses have prior motorcycling experience and have completed a basic skills test.

Each spring, motorcycle enthusiasts in communities, cities, towns, campuses and businesses across the country welcome warm weather with a renewed commitment to riding.  The high-profile celebration of motorcycle riding is a great way to focus attention for both riders and motorists on sharing the road safely.

Launch a Share the Road Safely with Motorcycles Program Around Timely Events

There are nationally observed events that you can build on or use to launch a motorcycle safety awareness program within your organization. These are opportune times to begin a workplace program that addresses the safety issues concerning both riders and motorists sharing the road with motorcycles.

Choose the events and activities that are suitable for your workforce.  This will depend on the size of your organization and the resources available.  Your organization’s involvement may range from putting up campaign posters announcing the safety observance to staging a major informational event with a series of lunch and learn interactive sessions on motorcycle awareness. You may simply bring in bagels for event participants.  It doesn’t have to be complicated.

Motorcycle Safety Awareness Month is in May

Each year, May is designated Motorcycle Safety Awareness Month.  During this month, the Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF), other motorcycle organizations, state highway safety offices, and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) join together to conduct a variety of activities to promote the motorcycle safety. The campaign focuses attention on training programs for motorcyclists and asks that other motorists share the road safely with riders.  NHTSA develops a Motorcycle Safety Awareness Planner for use during the month.  The Planner includes fact sheets, messaging that can be used ‘as-is’ or tailored to educate your employees about the importance of sharing the road.

Materials Available

Access the 2008 campaign planner at: http://www.nhtsa.gov/planners/ShareTheRoad2008/

Ride to Work Day (RTW) is July 16 in 2008.

The advocacy day is sponsored by Ride to Work, Inc., a non-profit advocacy organization, for the past 14 years.  According to RTW, over eighty million cars and light trucks are used for daily commuting on American roads, and about 200,000 motorcycles are a regular part of this mix.  On Ride to Work Day, the practical side of riding becomes more visible as a much larger number of America’s 8,000,000 cycles are ridden to work.

Materials Available

Access RTW day campaign materials at:  www.ridetowork.org

Drive Safely Work Week (DSWW) is October 6-10 in 2008.

DSWW is sponsored by the Network of Employers for Traffic Safety (NETS) each year during the first full week in October.  The campaign in its 12th year, is observed by employers and organizations nationwide. The campaign helps employers promote safe driving practices within their place of business and keep the nation’s roadways safe. The 2008 campaign will focus on sharing the road with all road users.

Materials Available

Access the DSWW campaign materials, available to download each year in July, via the NETS website at:  www.trafficsafety.org

How to Use the National Safety Observances in Your Workplace

Put a Traffic Safety Planning Team Together

This may become an ongoing group effort that can continue year-round to plan and implement traffic safety and motorcycle safety awareness events and initiatives. The team can pull together fun and informative events that will be helpful to your employees and their families.  Employers may also want to tap into or coordinate with other local employers to support these national awareness events.
Look for other opportunities throughout the year to “drive home” the motorcycle safety awareness message.  Employees often “hit the roadways” for major holidays making these events an ideal time to remind everyone about safe driving practices, especially  “share the road safely” messaging. These holidays include: New Years Day, Super Bowl Sunday, Valentine’s Day, St. Patrick’s Day, spring vacations, Memorial Day, July 4th, Labor Day, Halloween, Thanksgiving, and the winter holidays.

Spread the Safety Message

Publicize the motorcycle safety awareness observances through: a company newsletter, payroll insert, email blasts, Intranet, posters, banners, bulletin boards, lobby displays, cafeteria kiosks or tables, parking garages signage, etc.

Create a customized flyer that describes the specific activities and events at your worksite. Don’t forget to toot your own horn and issue a press release publicizing your intentions. The media loves to cover community-oriented and environmentally–friendly business involvement.

Become Familiar with the Campaign Planners or Guides Available

The campaign materials/planners for the safety observances listed above provide many materials that can be used as is or modified to deliver the safety message to your workforce.  In addition, other groups (employers, colleges, motorcycle advocacy groups, clubs, state highway safety offices, etc) have developed their own initiatives to address motorcycle safety awareness.  By “googling” the safety observance or motorcycle safety awareness, you can locate additional materials and tools to adapt for your own use.

Consider Giveaways and Safety Incentives

Never underestimate the impact that T-shirts, books, CDs, videos, gift certificates, and other incentives have on an event.  Work with the planning team to determine what incentives are appropriate and motivating for employees.  Use every resource to drive home the safety message.  Information and incentives can never replace individual responsibility.

Hold a Breakfast for Campaign Participants

A company breakfast encourages your employees to participate in the safety events and training and boosts morale.   It’s also a good way to demonstrate corporate concern for your employees’ safety.  Hold drawings for safety incentives.

Coordinate a Lunch and Learn Program

There are many knowledgeable riders who would be pleased to speak about sharing the road with motorcycles and offer advice and answer employees’ questions.  There may be seasoned riders within your own organization or representatives from motorcycling organizations, from local motorcycle dealerships or gear shops that would be able to present a 30 minute program.

Materials  Available

The MSF offers several safety programs that can be taught by anyone — especially motorcycle enthusiasts and others who are concerned with traffic safety.

The Intersection Module is MSF’s newest approach to enhancing motorist awareness of motorcycles. The program combines personal stories and character development with a dramatic new look at a crash scene that’s all too common. The DVD contains three separate 13-minute versions to appeal to teens (via driver education classes), adults (via traffic schools), and commercial drivers (via employee orientation). The module includes a Leader’s Guide, ten Participant’s Guides, and 25 Quick Tips brochures. Intersections can be ordered for $50.00 at: http://store.msf-usa.org/Store/MoreDetails.aspx?pid=20645.

Provide Safety Information on Motorcycle Safety Awareness to Your Employees

Materials Available

NETS Cyclists: Share the Road with Motorists

View and download the jpg version
Right click and choose “saved linked image”

download the Cyclists Share the Road bookmark pdf file

NETS Motorists: Share the Road with Cyclists

View and download the jpg version
Right click and choose “saved linked image”

download the Motorists Share the Road bookmark pdf file

(Files are large and may take time to download)

Organize a Share the Road Safety Fair

Invite local motorcycle dealers, gear shops, advocacy groups, local motorcycle clubs, law enforcement motor patrol officers, state highway safety office staff, traffic reporters, EMS, etc.  Distribute information about traffic safety and motorcycle safety awareness.

Partner With Motorcycle Safety Advocates

American Motorcyclist Association (AMA)

Founded in 1924, the AMA has a history of pursuing, protecting and promoting the interests of the motorcycle enthusiasts. The AMA focuses on rights, riding and racing through its government relations work, by sanctioning road and off-road riding activities and overseeing professional and amateur racing events.  The AMA’s headquarters in Pickerington, Ohio, is also home to the Motorcycle Hall of Fame Museum.  The AMA site lists motorcycle laws for each state.
http://www.ama-cycle.org

Discover Today’s Motorcycling (DTM)

The MIC’s Discover Today’s Motorcycling program provides various services to the news media and also provides consumers with information on motorcycling. DTM is the resource on motorcycling for American news media, providing background, interviews, photography and fielding hundreds of inquiries each year.
www.motorcycles.org

Minnesota Motorcycle Safety Center (MMSC)

Minnesota has a one-stop shop for rider training information, public information and educational materials, testing and licensing information, and riding safety tips.  The MMSC has information and resources of interest to those outside Minnesota. The site contains a state-by state list of rider education websites.
www.motorcyclesafety.state.mn.us/latest/MMSCHome.asp?cid=2

Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF)

The MSF is a national, not-for-profit organization sponsored by U.S. manufacturers and distributors of BMW, BRP, Ducati, Harley-Davidson, Honda, Kawasaki, KTM, Piaggio/Vespa, Suzuki, Triumph, Victory and Yamaha motorcycles.  MSF has set internationally recognized standards of excellence in motorcycle rider education and training.  The organization partners with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), state governments, the military and other organizations to improve motorcyclist education, training and operator licensing and to make the nation’s streets and highways safer for motorcyclists.
http://www.msf-usa.org

Motorcycle Industry Council, Inc (MIC)

MIC is a not-for-profit, national trade association created to promote and preserve motorcycling and the U.S. motorcycle industry.  More than 300 members represent manufacturers and distributors of motorcycles, scooters, parts and accessories, as well as allied trades such as publishing, insurance and consultants.  Dealers, clubs and individuals are not eligible for membership.  The council is involved in activities in government relations, statistics, communications, technical, and aftermarket programs. The MIC also provides data and other resources; such as test information, news updates, to non-members.
http://www.mic.org

National Association of State Motorcycle Safety Administrators (SMSA)

The SMSA is dedicated to serving the needs and interests of state motorcycle safety administrators and programs by advocating motorcycle safety and fostering and promoting the exchange of ideas and resources. The association is comprised of individuals and organizations that coordinate the motorcycle safety programs at the state level joined by other professional organizations, corporations, instructors, and individuals.  The SMSA fosters and promotes state-administered motorcycle safety programs and represents state concerns relating to motorcycle safety by working cooperatively with those individuals and organizations having an interest in motorcycle safety.
http://www.smsa.org/

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

NHTSA is the arm of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) that is responsible for
establishing guidelines and regulations regarding transportation safety. To learn more about NHTSA’s motorcycle safety initiatives and resources, visit online.

http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/portal/site/nhtsa/menuitem. d7975d55e8abbe089ca8e410dba046a0/

Network of Employers for Traffic Safety (NETS)

NETS is a national, nonprofit organization located in the Washington, DC metro area. It is a public/private partnership that engages employers of all sizes and industry-types in seeking, developing, and expanding best practices in traffic safety. It is the only organization dedicated exclusively to traffic safety in the workplace. NETS’ mission is to reduce traffic-related deaths and injuries within the nation’s workforce by developing safety policies, workplace informational and training programs, safety campaigns, and corporate community activities.  The organization is known for its annual Drive Safely Work Week campaign to focus the nation’s employers and the media on key traffic safety issues.  For more information, visit NETS online.
http://www.trafficsafety.org

Ride To Work Inc.  (RTW)

RTW is a national, Minnesota-based 501(c)(4) advocacy organization that that annually sponsors Ride to Work Day on the 3rd Wednesday of July to promote motorcycles and scooters as an economical, efficient, and socially responsible form of mobility. Its annual RTW Day, (July 16 in 2008.) the United States’ largest motorcycle event by number of participants, is designed to increase awareness of motorcyclists among other road users.  The organization encourages motorcycle commuting by increasing awareness of motorcycling as a transportation alternative. For more information and to access free materials, visit RWD online.
http://www.ridetowork.org

State Highway Safety Offices (SHSO)

Each state has a comprehensive highway safety program that includes a motorcycle safety program that aims to reduce motorcycle crashes and related deaths and injuries. State motorcycle safety programs address the use of helmets (meeting Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 218) and other protective gear, proper licensing, impaired riding, rider training, conspicuity, and motorist awareness. Contact the SHSO in your state to determine materials and services available to your organization on motorcycle safety.   Visit the Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) website or a list of SHSO offices.
http://www.ghsa.org/html/links/highwaysafetywebsites.html

As an employer there are many ways that you can support your workforce in adopting and practicing safe motorcycle riding. The resource center provides strategies and available resources for integrating motorcycle safety into your workplace and for encouraging employees who ride to follow safe riding recommendations.

To Get Started

Talk to Your Employees About Who Rides

Find out how many of your employees ride motorcycles and what their needs are. Essentially you are conducting a needs assessment. Depending on the size of your organization, you may need to formally survey employees or in smaller organizations, use word of mouth. If you have employees who ride, then determine what their training needs are and how best to support them in being safe riders.

• Are they new riders are more experienced riders?
• Do they have a valid operator’s license?
• Have they completed a training course recently?
• Do they support the lifelong learning and refresher courses?
• Would they be interested in networking with other employees to encourage safe riding?

Appoint a Motorcycle Coordinator

If there is a group of active motorcyclists in your organization, then appoint a group or team coordinator to head a motorcycle safety group. The most important attributes for a workplace motorcycle champion are enthusiasm and an avid interest in riding. The coordinator would function as a liaison between employee riders and company management. With assistance from a local motorcycle dealership, gear shop, or motorcycle club, the coordinator can arrange for speakers or workshops that address safety topics of interest to those who ride. The coordinator should be able to devote a few hours a week to launch and monitor the worksite safety program.
One way to encourage employees to ride safely is to form a group or club. Having peers to help plan and sponsor safety trainings, rides and events helps to motivate people to attend and to participate. The group can be a source for answers to riding questions about licensing and training, safety gear, skills and maneuvers, information on where to ride, where to obtain quality motorcycle maintenance, etc.

Setup a Mentor or “Motorcycle Buddy” Program

Employers may also consider establishing a “mentor” or “buddy” system for employees who are novice riders or new to ”motocommuting”—riding a motorcycle to and from work. Pair novice riders with more experienced riders. The expertise needed may be right in your workplace or you can contact a local motorcycle dealer, or motorcycle advocate from the state highway safety office or the department of motor vehicles to identify experienced riders to help employees get the hang of riding safely. Mentors can provide new riders with information, advice and support to build their confidence and ride safer when biking. Mentors often accompany new riders on their initial trips.

Give a Free “Starter Kit” to New Motorcyclists

The kit can include tips on safe riding, brochures on licensing and training, protective gear, along with discount coupons at local gear shops. Have T-shirts made with your company logo and a rider-friendly design or slogan. Have the motorcycle club or coordinator determine the kit contents.

Provide Visible, Secure and Accessible Motorcycle Parking

Employees want to know their motorcycles are safe while they work. Surveying your employees, formally or informally, will help determine the amount of parking your site will need.
Since bikes are prone to tipping over, special attention should be paid to the slope and surface of the parking space which should be as close to flat as can be attained while still providing adequate drainage. Since the kickstand supports a lot of weight in a small area, it can sink into heated asphalt, causing bikes to fall and pavement to become riddled with dents and holes. For these reasons, concrete, brick, concrete or stone pavers, or a densely packed fine stone dust work best.
The spaces should be grouped together, as opposed to spread throughout a lot, out of the path of other vehicles that could bump them when backing up, keeping clear of overhanging trees to prevent bird droppings or dripping sap.
Because 2-3 people could lift a lighter motorcycles into a van or truck, theft is a concern. Position parking spaces in a high traffic area to assure plenty of visibility, and within view of security cameras, if available. Clearly direct riders with signage to the designated parking.

Implement Motorcycle Safety Awareness Initiatives

Simply knowing how to ride a motorcycle is not the same as knowing how to operate a motorcycle safely and legally. Keep motorcycle safety information “in front” of your employees who ride. Rely on the coordinator and your assessment results to determine the topics addressed and format in which the information is presented.

What Can Employers Do to Implement Motorcycle Safety Awareness Initiatives?

• Use all available internal communications mechanisms: intranet, company newsletter, email blasts, banners, posters, bulletin boards, paycheck inserts, lobby displays, cafeteria kiosks or tables, parking garages signage, etc.
• Contact a local motorcycle dealership to showcase new bicycle models and offer free or subsidized maintenance tune-ups for bike commute. A dealer may be willing to offer volume discounts on gear or maintenance.
• Coordinate a rider-awareness seminar series using local speakers or resources highlighted here in the NETS resource center.

The Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) offers several safety programs that can be taught by anyone — especially motorcycle enthusiasts and others who are concerned with traffic safety. The programs focus on advising riders of the benefits of learning to ride properly and safely and on sharing the road safely with motorists.

Materials Available:

The Riding Straight Module can be used by anyone who is interested in helping motorcyclists make wise choices regarding drinking and riding, through education and prevention efforts. A session can last from 15 minutes to 45 minutes. The module contains a Facilitator’s Guide, a 12-minute Riding Straight VHS Video, Fatal Vision Simulator Goggles, a roll of MSF floor tape and a CD with digital copy of the Facilitator’s Guide. The module can be ordered for $160.00 at:
https://store.msf-usa.org/Store/MoreDetails.aspx?pid=137.

Guide to Group Riding Kit is a video kit that contains enough material for a class of ten students. They learn about ride preparation, standards for organization of the ride, and important knowledge such as proper formations in complex traffic situations. The module can be ordered for $30.00 at:
https://store.msf-usa.org/Store/MoreDetails.aspx?pid=2397.
Employer Example: BG&E 4-Hour Employee Motorcycle Safety Initiative. BG&E, a large central Maryland utility service provider held a Motorcycle Safety Day on a Saturday morning to increase awareness among their employees and family members about motorcycle safety following several off-duty tragedies. The program agenda and flyer are available.
Contact a local motorcycle dealership or gear shop. Typically, employees are enthusiasts involved in the local riding scene and can suggest local experts and speakers. There are also hundreds of motorcycle clubs, and many manufacturers who have safety materials and presentations to offer.

• Provide safety information on motorcycle safety awareness to your employees.

Materials Available:

NETS Motorists Share the Road with Motorcycles,
jpg version, pdf version

NETS Riders Share the Road Safely with Motorists,
jpg version, pdf version
(Files are large and may take time to download.)

Launch a Safe Rider Program Around Timely Events

The national motorcycle safety awareness events, listed below, are celebrated annually and are opportune times to launch or recharge your organization’s rider safety initiatives. You may also wish to invite your employee’s family members or friends who ride to participate in the planned events and activities. Arrange for an experienced motorcycle enthusiast from your organization to be part of the planning process.

Choose the events and activities that are suitable for your workforce. This will depend on the size of your organization, the resources available and the interest and enthusiasm of those within the organization for motorcycling. Your involvement may range from putting up posters announcing the safety observance to staging a major informational event with a series of lunch and learn interactive sessions on safe riding. You may simply bring in bagels for event participants. It doesn’t have to be complicated.

Motorcycle Safety Awareness Month is May

Each year, May is designated Motorcycle Safety Awareness Month. During this month, MSF, other motorcycle organizations, state highway safety offices, and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) join together to conduct a variety of activities to promote the motorcycle safety. The campaign focuses attention on training programs for motorcyclists and asks that other motorists share the road safely with riders. NHTSA develops a Motorcycle Safety Awareness Planner for use during the month. The Planner includes fact sheets, messaging that can be used ‘as-is’ or tailored to educate your employees about the importance of sharing the road.

Materials Available:

Access the 2008 campaign planner at: http://www.nhtsa.gov/planners/ShareTheRoad2008/

Ride to Work Day (RTW) is July 16 in 2008

The advocacy day is sponsored by Ride to Work, Inc., a non-profit advocacy organization, for the past 14 years. According to RTW, over eighty million cars and light trucks are used for daily commuting on American roads, and about 200,000 motorcycles are a regular part of this mix. On Ride to Work Day, the practical side of riding becomes more visible as a much larger number of America’s 8,000,000 cycles are ridden to work.

Materials Available:

Access RTW day campaign materials at: www.ridetowork.org

Drive Safely Work Week (DSWW) is October 6-10 in 2008

DSWW is sponsored by the Network of Employers for Traffic Safety (NETS) each year during the first full week in October. The campaign in its 12th year, is observed by employers and organizations nationwide. The campaign helps employers promote safe driving practices within their place of business and keep the nation’s roadways safe for all roadway users. The 2008 campaign will focus on sharing the road with all road users.

Materials Available:

Access the DSWW campaign materials, available to download each year in July, via the NETS website at: www.trafficsafety.org.

Key Motorcycle Safety Issues to Address

Based on what’s been known for decades, riders can greatly reduce their own risk levels by following five key safety messages promoted by MSF and NHTSA. When planning a workplace motorcycle safety program, these are the critical issues to incorporate.

1. Get trained and obtain a motorcycle operator license.
2. Wear USDOT compliant helmets and other protective gear.
3. Ride alert and unimpaired by alcohol or other drugs.
4. Ride within your limits.
5. Be a lifelong learner.

Riders who follow these recommendations are under-represented in motorcycle fatality statistics. Crashes and fatalities would be greatly reduced if all riders adhered to these recommendations.

Materials Available:

NHTSA developed Motorcycle Safety, a booklet addressing these issues and other useful information. Download the booklet at: www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/pedbimot/motorcycle/ motosafety.html

Resource Available:

AMA’s glossary of motorcycle terms for terms unfamiliar to novice riders, at: www.ama-cycle.org.

Get Trained

Riding a motorcycle requires special skills and concentration. The more skilled and experienced riders are in traffic; the safer they ride. The best way to develop or improve motorcycle skills and confidence is to participate in rider training classes/workshops. Training is useful for both those who are novice riders and for those who have not ridden recently. Participants can learn the special skills and mental strategies necessary for responsible motorcycle operation. Statistics show that more than 90 percent of riders involved in crashes had no formal training, were self-taught or learned from family and friends.

Motorcycle sales almost quadrupled from 1997 to 2006. This explosion in motorcycle ownership left some states with considerable training shortfalls. There is no model motorcycle operator training or licensing standard. Requirements for licensing and training vary from state to state. Only three states — Florida, Maine and Rhode Island — require rider education for all riders, regardless of age.

Resource Available:

To determine the training and licensing requirements in your state, view the database of motorcycle laws by state compiled by the AMA at: http://www.amadirectlink.com/legisltn/laws.asp.

MSF is the premier provider of rider training courses available at over 1,500 sites in all 50 states, including 47 state-legislated programs. The MSF offers a comprehensive curricula system with supporting materials, technical assistance and training-site/training-sponsor standards. Several of the MSF member companies loan training motorcycles through their local retailers.
MSF offers the Basic RiderCourseSM for beginning street riders. The course is a 15-hour program with motorcycles provided. The Experienced RiderCourseSM is a 7-hour rider improvement program for veteran riders to brush up their skills. These are carefully developed training programs taught by MSF-certified Instructors. Graduates of either course may be eligible for discounts on insurance. Some manufacturers pay for MSF RiderCourse training–or reimburse participants with the purchase of a new bike.

Resources Available

MSF courses are available at over 800 recognized training sites nationally. A national toll-free hotline, (800) 446-9227, links callers with the nearest RiderCourse training site in their area.
The Minnesota Motorcycle Safety Center has a helpful state-by state list of rider education websites for those seeking rider education classes at: www.motorcyclesafety.state.mn.us/latest/ MMSCHome.asp?cid=2

What Can Employers Do to Promote Motorcycle Training to Their Employees?

• Keep employees aware of the high crash risks associated with riding and of the crash reduction benefits associated with training. This can be accomplished through participation in national motorcycle safety observances and/or other initiatives.
• Promote Rider Training Courses. Organizations may provide motorcycle training to their employees or provide employees with the contact information for organizations that provide motorcycle rider training and education.
• Contact the MSF or other local providers to speak to your employee-riders about training courses and options. Consider providing an incentive to employees for completing course.

Obtain a Motorcycle Operator License

All 50 states require motorcycle riders to obtain a special license or endorsement to operate a motorcycle on public streets and highways, yet approximately 20 percent of the national motorcycle population is not properly licensed according to the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators. Many motorcyclists drive without valid licenses. In 2006, 25 percent of operators in fatal motorcycle crashes did not have a valid motorcycle license, compared to 13 percent of drivers of passenger vehicles.

Motorcycle licensing requirements vary widely by state. Motorcycle dealers or state licensing departments can provide the details for getting a motorcycle license in your state. Across the country, the minimum age for a motorcycle license/endorsement ranges from 14 to 18. Unlike automobile drivers, motorcyclists in at least 33 states may have licensing tests waived for completion of an MSF RiderCourse.

Resources Available:

There are several websites that have state-by-state information on motorcycle-licensing procedures.
The AMA at: http://www.amadirectlink.com/legisltn/laws.asp
The NCSL at: http://www.ncsl.org/programs/transportation/ trafsafdb.cfm?action=billresults

What Can Employers Do to Promote Operator Licensing for Their Employees?

• Invite speakers knowledgeable about your state’s licensing requirements to present at a lunch and learn program. Contact the state highway safety office, the licensing agency, local dealerships, the MSF, etc.
• Obtain written information, preferably from your state licensing agency and disseminate it to employees who ride.

2. Wear USDOT Compliant Helmets and Other Protective Gear

Mandatory helmet laws increase the level of motorcycle safety and decrease deaths and injuries associated with motorcycle crashes, see Motorcycle Helmets for All Riders. In 2006 motorcycle helmets saved 1,658 lives.

Helmet laws require that riders wear helmets manufactured to the standards of the USDOT. Riders must look for the DOT label on the helmet. In addition, motorcycle operators and passengers are encouraged to use the following protective gear:

• Proper clothing, including gloves, boots, long pants, and a durable long-sleeved jacket.
• Eye and face protection. Ride with a face shield or goggles for eye protection and good visibility.

When properly fitted, appropriate motorcycle gear provides the comfort that allows riders to focus on their technique and what’s on the road ahead. It has been suggested that regardless of the season of year, always dress for the fall when you ride. With a car, you literally step into the safety equipment. With a motorcycle, you put on your safety equipment, which will help minimize impact and abrasion injuries if you do happen to have a crash. The advanced riding gear readily available today can dramatically reduce injuries in a crash situation.

For further information on helmets, see Motorcycle Helmets for All Riders or State Motorcycle Laws.
What Can Employers Do to Promote Helmet Use and Other Safety Gear for Their Employees?

• Distribute informational brochures and utilize videos available from NHTSA, see Motorcycle Helmets for All Riders.
• Provide free or reduced-cost motorcycle helmets as an incentive for completing a training course and/or obtaining a license.

3. Ride Alert and Unimpaired by Alcohol or Other Drugs

Alcohol is a greater risk factor for fatal crashes involving motorcycles than for other vehicle types. One in 4 automobile driver fatalities in the United States were alcohol-related during 2005. In comparison, a higher proportion of motorcycle rider fatalities (1 in 3) were related to alcohol in the same year.
Programs addressing motorcycle safety should include an impaired motorcyclist component.

Resources Available:

The MSF includes a module on impaired driving in its basic rider education course. The module emphasizes the effects of alcohol on the rider, the ability to maintain control of the motorcycle while under the influence, and the consequences of riding under the influence.
NHTSA developed the 2008 Drunk Riding Prevention Motorcycle Safety Planner, containing materials and tools designed to remind motorcyclists to always ride smart and sober. These materials can be used to support your motorcycle safety initiatives. They are available online to download at: http://www.nhtsa.gov/planners/ DrunkRidingPrevention2008/index.cf

What Can Employers Do to Promote Sober Driving for Their Employees?

• Distribute Cruisin’ without Bruisin’, an informational brochure available from NHTSA at: http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/pedbimot/motorcycle/ 609CruisinWeb/index2.htm

4. Ride Within Your Limits

Motorcyclists, like other motorists have a wide range in their skill levels. In rider training classes, riders are taught not to let other motorists or riders dictate their pace: slow down when conditions call for it, never ride faster or farther than their abilities can handle, and stop riding before becoming fatigued.

5. Be a Lifelong Learner

Some of the best, safest riders take a refresher course every year. Every six months is preferred. These courses reinforce how to ride well, maintain sharp skills and put them into practice.

Resource Available:

MSF endeavors to make motorcycling safer, and more enjoyable, by ensuring access to lifelong quality education and training for current and prospective riders, and by advocating a safer riding environment. Their Rider Education and Training System promotes lifelong-learning for motorcyclists. The MSF website at: www.msf-usa.org, will help your employees find an MSF RiderCourse in their community.

Partner With Motorcycle Safety Advocates

American Motorcyclist Association (AMA)

Founded in 1924, the AMA has a history of pursuing, protecting and promoting the interests of the motorcycle enthusiasts. The AMA focuses on rights, riding and racing through its government relations work, by sanctioning road and off-road riding activities and overseeing professional and amateur racing events. The AMA’s headquarters in Pickerington, Ohio, is also home to the Motorcycle Hall of Fame Museum. The AMA site lists motorcycle laws for each state and a glossary of motorcycle terms.

Site: http://www.ama-cycle.org

Discover Today’s Motorcycling (DTM)

The MIC’s Discover Today’s Motorcycling program provides various services to the news media and also provides consumers with information on motorcycling. DTM is the resource on motorcycling for American news media, providing background, interviews, photography and fielding hundreds of inquiries each year.

Site: www.motorcycles.org

Minnesota Motorcycle Safety Center (MMSC)

Minnesota has a one-stop shop for rider training information, public information and educational materials, testing and licensing information, and riding safety tips. The MMSC has information and resources of interest to those outside Minnesota. The site contains a state-by state list of rider education websites.

Site: www.motorcyclesafety.state.mn.us/latest/MMSC Home.asp?cid=2

Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF)

The MSF is a national, not-for-profit organization sponsored by U.S. manufacturers and distributors of BMW, BRP, Ducati, Harley-Davidson, Honda, Kawasaki, KTM, Piaggio/Vespa, Suzuki, Triumph, Victory and Yamaha motorcycles. MSF has set internationally recognized standards of excellence in motorcycle rider education and training. The organization partners with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), state governments, the military and other organizations to improve motorcyclist education, training and operator licensing and to make the nation’s streets and highways safer for motorcyclists.

Site: http://www.msf-usa.org

Motorcycle Industry Council, Inc (MIC)

MIC is a not-for-profit, national trade association created to promote and preserve motorcycling and the U.S. motorcycle industry. More than 300 members represent manufacturers and distributors of motorcycles, scooters, parts and accessories, as well as allied trades such as publishing, insurance and consultants. Dealers, clubs and individuals are not eligible for membership. The council is involved in activities in government relations, statistics, communications, technical, and aftermarket programs. The MIC also provides data and other resources; such as test information, news updates, to non-members.

Site: www.mic.org

National Association of State Motorcycle Safety Administrators (SMSA)

The SMSA is dedicated to serving the needs and interests of state motorcycle safety administrators and programs by advocating motorcycle safety and fostering and promoting the exchange of ideas and resources. The association is comprised of individuals and organizations that coordinate the motorcycle safety programs at the state level joined by other professional organizations, corporations, instructors, and individuals. The SMSA fosters and promotes state-administered motorcycle safety programs and represents state concerns relating to motorcycle safety by working cooperatively with those individuals and organizations having an interest in motorcycle safety.

Site: http://www.smsa.org/

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

NHTSA is the arm of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) that is responsible for establishing guidelines and regulations regarding transportation safety. To learn more about NHTSA’s motorcycle safety initiatives and resources, visit online.

Site: http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/portal/site/nhtsa/menuitem.d 7975d55e8abbe089ca8e410dba046a0/

Motorcycle Safety Tips

http://www.actiondonation.org/articles/Motorcycle_Safety_Tips.html

NHTSA is the arm of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) that is responsible for establishing guidelines and regulations regarding transportation safety. To learn more about NHTSA’s motorcycle safety initiatives and resources, visit online.

Site: http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/portal/site/nhtsa/menuitem.d 7975d55e8abbe089ca8e410dba046a0/

Network of Employers for Traffic Safety (NETS)

NETS is a national, nonprofit organization located in the Washington, DC metro area. It is a public/private partnership that engages employers of all sizes and industry-types in seeking, developing, and expanding best practices in traffic safety. It is the only organization dedicated exclusively to traffic safety in the workplace. NETS’ mission is to reduce traffic-related deaths and injuries within the nation’s workforce by developing safety policies, workplace informational and training programs, safety campaigns, and corporate community activities. The organization is known for its annual Drive Safely Work Week campaign to focus the nation’s employers and the media on key traffic safety issues. For more information, visit NETS online.

Site: http://www.trafficsafety.org

Ride To Work, Inc. (RTW)

RTW is a national, Minnesota-based 501(c)(4) advocacy organization that that annually sponsors Ride to Work Day on the 3rd Wednesday of July to promote motorcycles and scooters as an economical, efficient, and socially responsible form of mobility. Its annual RTW Day, (July 16 in 2008.) the United States’ largest motorcycle event by number of participants, is designed to increase awareness of motorcyclists among other road users. The organization encourages motorcycle commuting by increasing awareness of motorcycling as a transportation alternative. For more information and to access free materials, visit RWD online.

Site: http://www.ridetowork.org

State Highway Safety Offices (SHSO)

Each state has a comprehensive highway safety program that includes a motorcycle safety program that aims to reduce motorcycle crashes and related deaths and injuries. State motorcycle safety programs address the use of helmets (meeting Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 218) and other protective gear, proper licensing, impaired riding, rider training, conspicuity, and motorist awareness. Contact the SHSO in your state to determine materials and services available to your organization on motorcycle safety. Visit the Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) website or a list of SHSO offices.

Site: http://www.ghsa.org/html/links/highwaysafetywebsites.html

Journey to Work 2000 was compiled by the U. S. Census Bureau from the decennial Census of Population to provide information on where workers live and how they commute to work.  Among the 128.3 million workers in the United States in 2000, 76 percent drove alone to work, 12 percent carpooled, 4.7 percent used public transportation, 3.3 percent worked at home, 2.9 percent walked to work, and 1.2 percent used other means of transportation (including a motorcycle or bicycle).

A 2008 survey conducted by Nationwide Insurance Company found that with higher gas prices there is an increase in motorcycle riding. The survey results indicated that 35 percent of motorcycle owners plan to ride their bikes more over the next year as a result of higher gas prices with riders turning their riding hobby into an everyday form of transportation. Rising fuel costs have prompted many weekend bikers to become daily motorcycle commuters. Riders reported spending 26 percent of their total riding time last year commuting to work.

More Americans than ever have motorcycles – 6.2 million registered motorcycles are on the road at last count.  Commuters across the country, pushed by soaring gas prices and a sagging economy increasingly are turning to alternate means of getting to and from work.  While recreational riders have boosted motorcycle sales over the years, more recently riders have discovered that their motorcycle is a good alternative for travel to work, one which often provides access to restricted commuters lanes, easier and less expensive parking, and in many cases a faster commute.  Historically, commuters become more interested in “motocommuting”– using a motorcycle for commuting — whenever there is a spike in gas prices.

There is no current reliable motorcycle travel data to accurately determine how many people are riding motorcycles and for what purpose.  It’s apparent from surveys and from motorcycle sales, that there is an increase in ridership but the data doesn’t yet exist to enable researchers to confidently illustrate trends.  But with worsening traffic and mounting incentives, industry analysts, motorcycle dealers and local riders believe motocommuting could soon become trendy, especially in the more congested urban areas.

Motorcycle Commuter Facts

• Out of a total 129,141,982 commuters in this country 147,703 ride motorcycles to work regularly. That’s about 1.1 percent. (US Census)
• Of all the motorcycles registered in the USA, (6,567,197) 4.3% of them are used for year-round primary transportation (282,389), with an additional 9.9% used seasonally for this purpose (932,542 total). (Motorcycle Industry Council)

Sources for Facts about Motorcycling to Work

Motorcycle Industry Council, Inc (MIC)

MIC is a not-for-profit, national trade association created to promote and preserve motorcycling and the U.S. motorcycle industry.  More than 300 members represent manufacturers and distributors of motorcycles, scooters, parts and accessories, as well as allied trades such as publishing, insurance and consultants.  Dealers, clubs and individuals are not eligible for membership.  The council is involved in activities in government relations, statistics, communications, technical, and aftermarket programs. The MIC also provides data and other resources; such as test information, news updates, to non-members.
Site:  www.mic.org

Discover Today’s Motorcycling (DTM)

The MIC’s Discover Today’s Motorcycling program provides various services to the news media and also provides consumers with information on motorcycling. DTM is the resource on motorcycling for American news media, providing background, interviews, photography and fielding hundreds of inquiries each year.
Site:   www.motorcycles.org

Ride To Work Inc. (RTW)

RTW is a national, Minnesota-based 501(c)(4) charitable organization that encourages motorcycle commuting  by increasing awareness of motorcycling as a transportation alternative. Its annual Ride To Work Day, the United States’ largest motorcycle event by number of participants, is designed to increase awareness of motorcyclists among other road users.
Site:  www.ridetowork.org

The popularity of motorcycling has increased in the last few years with more than 1.1 million motorcycles sold in 2006, according to the Motorcycle Industry Council. The swell in ridership has resulted in an increase in motorcyclist deaths. From 1997’s historic low, to 2006, motorcycle fatalities rose 127 percent. In 2006, 4,810 motorcyclists were killed, up 5.1 percent from the 4,576 motorcyclist fatalities in 2005, marking the ninth consecutive year of higher motorcycle deaths. In addition, 88,000 motorcyclists were injured in traffic crashes in 2006. Motorcycle rider fatalities accounted for 11 percent of the total 2006 fatalities, 13 percent of all occupant fatalities and 4 percent of all occupants injured.

The number and rate of motorcyclist deaths on U.S. roads are rising dramatically.

Motorcycle rider fatalities rose 115 percent between 1997 and 2005. During the same time, fatality numbers and rates for passenger car crashes dropped.

Fatality rate trends for motorcycle occupants versus passenger car occupants. Between 1997 and 2005, fatality rates for motorcycle occupants rose 115 percent, to 42 fatalities per 100 million motorcycle VMT. During the same period, fatality rates for car occupants dropped steadily, to less than 1.2 fatalities per 100 million passenger car VMT.

Motorcycle Crash Facts

Motorcyclist Fatalities Increase

• Motorcycles are the most dangerous type of motor vehicle to drive.  These vehicles are involved in fatal crashes at a rate of 35.0 per 100 million miles of travel, compared with a rate of 1.7 per 100 million miles of travel for passenger cars.
• Motorcyclists were 35 times more likely than passenger car occupants to die in a crash in 2006, per vehicle mile traveled, and 8 times more likely to be injured.
• Although motorcycles account for only 2% of vehicles on the road, they make up more than 10% of all crashes.
• Motorcycles accounted for nearly 3% of all registered motor vehicles and 0.4% of vehicle miles traveled in 2006.
• Motorcycle fatalities have more than doubled in 10 years to 4,810 in 2006. Helmets saved the lives of 1,658 motorcyclists in 2006—and could have saved an additional 752 lives if all riders had worn helmets compliant with federal safety standards.
• Some 104,000 motorcycles were involved in crashes in 2006, including property damage-only crashes.
• Approximately 80% of motorcycle crashes injure or kill a motorcycle rider, while only 20% of passenger car crashes injure or kill a driver or passenger in their vehicle.
• In 2006, 37% of all motorcyclists involved in fatal crashes were speeding, compared to 23% for passenger car drivers, 19% for light-truck drivers, and 8% for large-truck drivers.

Motorcycle Sales Increase

• The NADA Official Used Car Guide, which publishes used vehicle prices, reported that the number of people researching motorcycle purchases increased 48% in March 2008, compared to March 2007.
• Sales of all types of motorcycles reached about 1,158,000 in 2006, a level not seen in about 30 years.

Types of Crashes Involving Motorcycles

Because motorcycles are capable of high speeds but offer minimal occupant protection, they also are the most hazardous highway vehicles. They have the highest crash costs per person-mile (Miller et al. 1999).

Two-Vehicle Crashes Facts

• In 2006, 2,537 (51%) of all motorcycles involved in fatal crashes collided with another type of motor vehicle while in motion.  In two-vehicle crashes, 79% of the motorcycles involved were impacted in the front. Only 5% were struck in the rear.
• 55% of all fatalities in motorcycle crashes in 2006 involved another vehicle in addition to the motorcycle in the crash.
• In 2006, there were 2,226 two-vehicle fatal crashes involving a motorcycle and another type of vehicle. In 40% (883) of these crashes, the other vehicle was turning left while the motorcycle was going straight, passing, or overtaking the vehicle. Both vehicles were going straight in 582 crashes (26%).
• 93% of all two-vehicle crashes involving a motorcycle and a passenger vehicle in which the motorcycle operator died, occurred on non-interstate roadways.
• In 2006, 51% of all two-vehicle crashes involving a motorcycle and a passenger vehicle in which the motorcycle operator died, were intersection crashes.
• In two-vehicle motorcycle crashes involving a motorcycle and another type of vehicle, in 40% of the crashes the other vehicle was turning left when the motorcycle was going straight, passing, or overtaking the vehicle.

Fixed Object Crash Fact

• Motorcycles are more likely to be involved in a fatal collision with a fixed object than are other vehicles. In 2006, 25% of the motorcycles involved in fatal crashes collided with fixed objects, compared to 18% for passenger cars, 12% for light trucks, and 3% for large trucks.

Type of Motorcycles Involved in Crashes

According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) riders of high-performance racing motorcycles, called “supersports” have driver death rates per 10,000 registered vehicles nearly four times higher than for drivers of other types of motorcycles.  Supersports have more horsepower than conventional motorcycles and can reach speeds of up to 190 mph. They are built on racing platforms and are modified for street use. The bikes are popular with riders under the age of 30.

In 2005, these bikes registered 22.5 driver deaths per 10,000 registered vehicles, compared with 10.7 deaths for other sport models.  Standards, cruisers and touring bikes, with upright handlebars, had rates of 5.7 and 6.5 per 10,000 vehicles. In 2005, supersports accounted for 9 percent of registrations, and standards and cruisers made up 51 percent of registrations.

Speeding and driver error were bigger factors in supersport and sport fatal crashes. Speed was cited in 57 percent of supersport riders’ fatal crashes in 2005 and in 46 percent for sport model riders. Speed was a factor in 27 of fatal crashes of riders of cruisers and standards, and for 22 percent of riders of touring models.

Number of Deaths for Every 10,000 Registered Motorcycles in 2005, by Type of Motorcycle

Crashworthiness of Motorcycles

Motorcycles are far less crashworthy than closed vehicles. They are also less visible to other drivers and pedestrians and less stable than four-wheel vehicles. Operating a motorcycle requires a different combination of physical and mental skills than those used in driving four-wheel vehicles. Motorcyclists and their passengers are more vulnerable to the hazards of weather, traffic and road conditions than drivers in closed vehicles.

Characteristics of Motorcycle Crashes

Age of Motorcycle Riders

Motorcycle riding has become more popular in recent years, appealing to a new group of enthusiasts consisting of older and more affluent riders. There has been a dramatic jump in the number of deaths among motorcycle riders age 40 and older in recent years. Older motorcycle riders, who account for an increasingly larger proportion of all motorcyclists, now account for about half of all motorcycle rider fatalities. Data show that in 2006, 47 percent of motorcycle riders killed in crashes were age 40 or over, compared with 30 percent ten years earlier. Crashes among the 50-plus age group have gone up 400 percent in the last decade.
In contrast, fatalities among young motorcycle riders have declined in the past 10 years, relative to other age groups. In 2006, fatalities in the under 30-year old group dropped to 32 percent, from 45 percent in 1996. Fatalities among motorcyclists in the 30- to 39-year old group fell to 21 percent in 2006, from 26 percent ten years earlier.

Gender

The latest Motorcycle Industry Council Owner Survey found that nearly 10 percent of motorcycle owners in America were women. And roughly one-third of the students in Motorcycle Safety Foundation RiderCoursessm are female.

Licensing

One out of four motorcycle operators (25%) who were involved in fatal crashes were riding without a valid license in 2006, compared with 13 percent of passenger vehicle drivers. Motorcycle operators were also 1.2 times more likely than passenger vehicle drivers to have a prior license suspension or revocation.

Driver Behaviors Contributing to Motorcycle Crashes

Alcohol Impaired Driving

Alcohol is a greater risk factor for fatal crashes involving motorcycles than other types of vehicles. One in 4 automobile driver fatalities in the United States were alcohol-related during 2005. In comparison, a higher proportion of motorcycle rider fatalities (1 in 3) were related to alcohol in the same year.
A Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report finds an increasing number of motorcyclists aged 40-44 are dying in alcohol-related crashes.  According to the CDC, the rate of older adults who have died in alcohol-related motorcycle crashes increased from 1.2 per 100,000 population in 1983 to 1.9 in 2003. Previously, the highest rate of death among alcohol-impaired motorcycle drivers was among the 20-24 year age group. However, that age group has seen a decline in alcohol-related motorcycle crashes. The CDC attributes the shift to more adults in the 40-44 age group riding motorcycles. The increase in alcohol-related crashes may be a result of drivers drinking before riding a motorcycle or participating in weekend road trips that include drinking.
Motorcycle operators have high incidences of alcohol use.  In 2006, 27 percent of motorcycle operators involved in fatal crashes had a blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) over 0.08 grams per deciliter (the national definition of drunk driving), compared with 23 percent of drivers of passenger cars, 24 percent of light truck drivers and 1 percent of large truck drivers in fatal crashes.

In 2006, 3.9 percent of the motorcycle operators involved in fatal crashes had at least one previous conviction for driving while intoxicated on their driver records, compared to 2.8 percent of passenger vehicle drivers.

Of all fatally injured motorcycle operators, 27 percent had BAC levels of 0.08 or higher in 2006. Fatally injured motorcycle operators between the ages of 35 to 39 had the highest percentage of BACs 0.08 and above (41 percent), compared with 39 percent for those ages 40 to 44. Of fatally injured motorcycle operators age 45-49, 34 percent had BACs 0.08 and above.

Speeding

In 2006, 37 percent of all motorcyclists involved in fatal crashes were speeding, compared with 23 percent for drivers of passenger cars, 19 percent for light truck drivers and 8 percent for large truck drivers.

Annual Motorcycle Crash Data to Download

• Traffic Safety Facts 2006: Motorcycle, NHTSA

Sources for Facts About Motorcycling

• Costs of Injuries Resulting fromMotorcycle Crashes:A Literature Review, NHTSA at www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/pedbimot/motorcycle/Motorcycle_ HTML/index.html
• Insurance Institute for Highway Safety at www.iihs.org.
• Insurance Information Institute at www.iii.org.
• The Motorcycle Industry Council at www.mic.org.
• U.S. Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration at www.nhtsa.dot.gov/portal/site/nhtsa/menuitem.d7975d55e8abbe 089ca8e410dba046a0/

Today motorcycling is more popular than ever with the motorcycle community experiencing astounding growth. There are over 6.2 million motorcycles registered in the United States. Since 1980, motorcycle ownership among the 40 and over age group has increased significantly. The crash rate among motorcyclists in the 50 plus age group has increased by over 400 percent.

Sadly, the popularity and growth in motorcycle use has also led to a sharp increase in the number of motorcycle fatalities. Motorcyclists represent just 2 percent of all registered vehicles in the United States, but they are involved in over 10 percent of all crashes. Motorcycle fatalities have more than doubled in 10 years and now account for over 4,500 highway deaths and 78,000 injuries each year. In 2006, 4,810 motorcyclists died and approximately 88,000 were injured in highway crashes in the United States. Per miles traveled in 2006, a motorcyclist was approximately 37 times more likely to die in a crash than someone riding in a passenger car.

One of the main reasons motorcyclists are killed in crashes is because the motorcycle itself provides virtually no protection in a crash. By design, an automobile has more weight and bulk than a motorcycle. It has door beams and a roof to provide some measure of protection from impact or rollover. An automobile has cushioning and airbags to soften impact and seat belts to hold passengers in their seats. It is also more stable and because of its size, it is easier to see. On the contrary, motorcycles lack the size, bulk, and other crashworthiness factors.

Motorcyclists come from all walks of life, work in all occupations, and represent all age ranges. With the increasing popularity of motorcycles as a mode of transportation, chances are some of your employees own a motorcycle, whether for commuting to and from work or for recreation. To keep your employees safe on the roadway, get involved in promoting motorcycle safety awareness events and in providing training opportunities in the workplace.

NETS Bookmarks to Download for Dissemination

NETS Cyclists: Share the Road with Motorists

Riders Share the Road bookmark

Right click and choose “saved linked image”

download the Cyclists Share the Road bookmark pdf file

NETS Motorists: Share the Road with Cyclists

Motorists Share the Road bookmark

Right click and choose “saved linked image”

download the Motorists Share the Road bookmark pdf file

(Files are large and may take time to download)

Motorcycle Helmet Use Laws

A patchwork of motorcycle helmet laws and scant enforcement exist despite clear evidence that proper helmet use saves lives. Twenty states and the District of Columbia have universal motorcycle helmet laws. Twenty-seven states have laws that cover certain riders, usually those under the age of 18 and three states (Illinois, Iowa and New Hampshire) have no motorcycle helmet laws. In states with partial laws or without helmet laws, most riders who died were not wearing helmets.

The USDOT’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) encourages each State to have and enforce a law requiring all motorcycle operators and passengers to wear helmets meeting Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 218. Motorcycle helmets provide the best protection from head injury for motorcyclists involved in traffic crashes. Research has shown that the passage of helmet use laws governing all motorcycle operators and passengers (universal helmet laws) is the most effective method of increasing helmet use. These laws are also easy to enforce because of riders’ high visibility.

Data on crashes in States where only minors are required to wear helmets show that fewer than 40 percent of the fatally-injured minors wear helmets even though the law requires them to do so. Helmet laws that govern only minors are difficult to enforce. In 2006, 65 percent of all fatally injured motorcycle riders were not wearing a helmet in states without all-rider helmet laws, compared with only 13 percent in states with all-rider helmet laws.

A NHTSA study covering 10 states found that when universal helmet laws, which pertain to all riders, were repealed, helmet-use rates dropped from 99 percent to 50 percent. In states where the universal law was reinstated, helmet-use rates rose to above 95 percent.

Won’t people wear helmets on their own? Unfortunately, the answer is usually no. Surveys have shown that in states without helmet laws, only 34 to 54 percent of motorcyclists wear helmets voluntarily. In states that do have these laws, more than 98 percent of motorcyclists wear them-an enormous difference.

According to NHTSA’s National Occupant Protection Use Survey, a nationally representative observational survey, motorcycle helmet use rose to 58 percent in June 2007, from 51 percent in June 2006. Helmet use had been falling from a high of 71 percent in October 2000. Use rates remain lower in states that do not require all riders to use helmets. In June 2007, 74 percent of motorcyclists in states requiring helmet use wore them, compared with 42 percent of motorcyclists in states that do not. The survey counts only helmets that comply with Department of Transportation standards.

Motorcycle helmet use was highest in the West, at 77 percent and in the South and Northeast, at 58 percent. Helmet use was lowest in the Midwest, at 49 percent.

Whether states are attempting to expand their helmet laws to cover all riders or to limit their helmet laws to a certain age group, motorcycle helmet laws are often being addressed by state legislators.

State Motorcycle Helmet Use Requirements

Source: